The pandemic of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19, which swept the whole world in 2020, has become a serious threat to the life and health of humanity. Once again, the scientific community and clinicians were faced with the question of studying a new microorganism, developing diagnostic tests for its determination, studying pathogenetic mechanisms, and developing therapeutic effects on this virus. It is noted that the course of a new coronavirus infection is influenced by the presence of concomitant pathology, among which cardiovascular pathology is one of the most common. Concomitant cardiovascular pathology aggravates the course of this infection, in addition, myocardial injury often develops, which significantly increases the probability of a fatal outcome. The pathway of penetration of the viral RNA into the cell via the receptor for angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2), which plays a key role in the development of cardiovascular disease. It is this relationship that has led to the emergence of some controversial issues in the treatment of cardiovascular pathology in the era of the coronavirus infection pandemic. In this study we attempted to discuss the etiology, pathogenesis foundations for the development of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19, as well as modern approaches to its treatment.