Использование электронных сигарет в качестве замены обычных обернулось в России серьезной проблемой для здоровья курящих людей. Отмечено многими исследователями, что широкая реклама электронных сигарет привела к бурному росту количества курящих, особенно среди юношей и девушек. Исследования влияния продуктов электронных сигарет на стоматологический статус показали, что компоненты жидкости, которая при нагревании стика преобразуется в аэрозоль, могут способствовать развитию кариеса, заболеваний пародонта и слизистой полости рта. Цель – анализ вариантов патологических процессов на слизистой оболочке полости рта, возникших в результате курения электронных сигарет. Материалы и методы. Обследованы пациенты, обратившиеся в стоматологическую клинику Воронежского государственного медицинского университета им. Н.Н. Бурденко с клиническими проявлениями последствий курения электронных сигарет на слизистой оболочке рта. Проведена оценка повреждений слизистой оболочки рта, проявляющихся в виде катарального воспаления различных отделов слизистой рта, десквамативного глоссита, очагов ограниченного гиперкератоза, включая лейкоплакию курильщика, афтозных высыпаний. Заключение. Электронные сигареты продвигаются компаниями как безвредные, однако изучение клинической картины пациентов с проявлениями последствий их курения выявило различные виды патологии слизистой оболочки рта.
The use of electronic cigarettes has become an increasingly significant medical and social problem in Russia in recent years. One of the reasons for this is the decline in demand for conventional tobacco cigarettes. Despite electronic cigarettes initially being developed as an alternative to traditional smoking, their emergence has contributed to an increase in the number of smokers, particularly among young people who previously did not use tobacco products. However, electronic devices are not merely a harmless pastime; they pose a serious threat to life and health. Today, the World Health Organization and some medical communities are speaking out against the use of electronic cigarettes and vapes. According to their information, the aerosol generated by the use of smokeless smoking products contains toxic substances that contribute to the development of pathological changes in the body. Studies on the effects of electronic cigarette products on dental status have shown that the components of the liquid, which are converted into aerosol when the stick is heated, can contribute to the development of caries, periodontal diseases, and oral mucosa diseases. The aim of the study is to identify the manifestations of pathological processes in the oral mucosa under the influence of electronic cigarette smoking. Materials and Methods. Patients who presented to the dental clinic of the N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University with clinical manifestations of the consequences of electronic cigarette smoking on the oral mucosa were examined. Lesions of the oral mucosa manifested as catarrhal inflammation of various parts of the oral mucosa, desquamative glossitis, foci of limited hyperkeratosis, including smoker's leukoplakia, and aphthous eruptions. The authors provide a detailed description with illustrations of these manifestations on the oral mucosa. The clinical picture is presented with a description of complaints and objective changes in the oral mucosa, corresponding to the established diagnosis. Conclusion. Although electronic nicotine and nicotine-free vapor delivery systems are promoted by companies as harmless, numerous data from scientific literature and the authors' own observations indicate that heating products contain many toxic substances. This increases the likelihood of diseases affecting the body as a whole, including the organs of the oral cavity. Analysis of the clinical presentation of patients with manifestations of the consequences of electronic cigarette smoking on the oral mucosa revealed the most frequently occurring types of oral mucosal pathology.