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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="ru" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="issn">2687-0940</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Актуальные проблемы медицины</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2687-0940</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52575/2687-0940-2026-49-1-105-116</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">282</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>СТОМАТОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>&lt;strong&gt;Изменение строения верхнечелюстной пазухи в зависимости от&amp;nbsp;наличия или отсутствия премоляров и моляров по данным конусно-лучевой компьютерной томографии&lt;/strong&gt;</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>&lt;strong&gt;Changes in the Structure of the Maxillary Sinus Depending on the Presence or Absence of Premolars and Molars According to&amp;nbsp;CBCT Data&lt;/strong&gt;</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гатило</surname><given-names>Ирина Анатольевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gatilo</surname><given-names>Irina A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>chijgay@yandex.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сирак</surname><given-names>Сергей Владимирович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sirak</surname><given-names>Sergey V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ленев</surname><given-names>Вадим Николаевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lenev</surname><given-names>Vadim N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бровко</surname><given-names>Юрий Игоревич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Brovko</surname><given-names>Yury I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сирак</surname><given-names>Александр Сергеевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sirak</surname><given-names>Alexander S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дедиков</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Николаевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dedikov</surname><given-names>Dmitriy N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черпаков</surname><given-names>Андрей Алексеевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Cherpakov</surname><given-names>Andrey A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives></contrib></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub"><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>49</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>0</fpage><lpage>0</lpage><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="/media/journal-medicine/2026/1/АПМ_2026_Том_49__1_105-116.pdf" /><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Изучение строения дна верхнечелюстной пазухи имеет важное клиническое значение при хирургических вмешательствах. На изменение соотношения компактной и губчатой костной ткани влияет наличие или отсутствие премоляров и моляров. Целью исследования является изучение строения верхнечелюстного синуса у пациентов разного возраста при различной степени адентии по данным КЛКТ. Материалы и методы. С помощью КЛКТ изучено 248 верхних челюстей: всего 496 левых и правых верхнечелюстных пазух. Отмечены случаи наличия премоляров и моляров, отсутствие премоляра и/или моляра и полное отсутствие премоляров и моляров. Результаты исследования показали, что наличие премоляров и моляров влияет на соотношение объема губчатой и компактной кости. При потере жевательных зубов уменьшается объем трабекулярной костной ткани, увеличивается объём компактной кости. Обсуждение. Наличие или отсутствие премоляров и моляров верхней челюсти влияет на объем компактной и губчатой ткани в области дна верхнечелюстной пазухи, что имеет важное клиническое значение при планировании хирургических вмешательств в этой зоне.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The study of the structure of the maxillary sinus floor is of great clinical importance in surgical interventions. The presence or absence of premolars and molars affects the change in the ratio of compact and spongy bone tissue. Objective. To study the structure of the maxillary sinus in patients of different ages with varying degrees of edentia according to CBCT data. Material and methods. 248&amp;nbsp;upper jaws were studied using CBCT: a total of 496 left and right maxillary sinuses. Cases of the presence of premolars and molars, absence of a premolar and/or molar, and complete absence of premolars and molars were identified. The results of the study show that the presence of premolars and molars affects the ratio of the volume of spongy and compact bone. With the loss of chewing teeth, the volume of trabecular bone tissue decreases, the volume of compact bone increases. Discussion. The presence or absence of premolars and molars of the upper jaw affects the volume of compact and spongy tissue in the area of the floor of the maxillary sinus, which is of great clinical importance when planning surgical interventions in this area.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>верхнечелюстная пазуха</kwd><kwd>премоляр</kwd><kwd>моляр</kwd><kwd>трабекулярная кость</kwd><kwd>компактная кость</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>maxillary sinus</kwd><kwd>premolar</kwd><kwd>molar</kwd><kwd>trabecular bone</kwd><kwd>compact bone</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>Список литературы</title><ref id="B1"><mixed-citation>Зелёва О.В., Колсанов А.В., Зельтер П.М., Сидоров Е.А. 2022. Морфологический анализ верхнечелюстных пазух при помощи 3d-моделирования. 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