Chronic inflammatory diseases of periodontal tissues (VSTP) are diseases that have been known for a long time. In most cases, patients turn to a dentist during the acute stage or exacerbation of the disease. As a result, after the treatment, the removal of the inflammatory process and the reduction of pain, patients are often not configured to continue treatment. As a result, this leads to non-completion of diagnostic measures to establish not only the cause, but also predisposing factors that lead to an exacerbation of the disease. In this work, we conducted a comparative analysis of various methods of removing dental deposits and the effect on the microstructure of the tooth and root cement: using a curette Gracie, a magnetostrictive scaler, a piezoelectric apparatus and a Vector apparatus. The efficiency and quality of the performed manipulations were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy. The smallest effect on the microstructure of the tooth root cement and a better removal of ZO were revealed when working with the Piezon-Master 600 and Vector devices. After working with the Vector device, a film of hydroxyapatite is formed, which has a favorable effect on the metabolic processes of an intact tooth.